Box 1. European Society of Cardiology heart failure categories by ejection fraction3 .
| Category of heart failure | Abbreviation | Left ventricular ejection fraction, % | Additional criteria to meet diagnosis |
|---|---|---|---|
| Heart failure with reduced ejection fraction | HFrEF | <40 | Not required |
| Heart failure with mid-range ejection fraction | HFmrEF | 40–49 | Elevated levels of natriuretic peptides and either relevant structural heart disease or diastolic dysfunction |
| Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction | HFpEF | ≥50 | Elevated levels of natriuretic peptides and either relevant structural heart disease or diastolic dysfunction |