Fig 3. Effect of topical application of harman and norharman on pupation of Galleria mellonella larvae.

1H- harman 750 ppm, 2H- harman 1000 ppm, 3H- harman 1250 ppm. 1N- norharman 750 ppm, 2N- norharman 1000 ppm, 3N- norharman 1250 ppm. The day of administration of the alkaloids (final larval instar day 3) is marked with the arrow. In the 2H sample, 5% of the larvae died. In the remaining groups, all insects passed into the pupal stage.