Figure 2.

Puncture sites and control sites can be easily processed for histologic evaluation. Once mice were sacrificed and the abdominal hair was removed the puncture site was identified by either a scar or palpable tumor nodule at the injection site (just medial to the nipple). If no scar or tumor nodule was identified, the area medial to the nipple was marked (white arrow, A). The abdominal wall was then excised (B) and a Keyes punch biopsy was used to take a biopsy of a control site remote from the right or left lower quadrant (red arrow) and a biopsy of the puncture site (blue arrow). The black marker was visible transperitoneal if the abdominal wall specimen was placed skin side down on a white surface and this was used to guide the biopsy of the puncture site.