. 2018 Sep 19;27(5):1475–1484. doi: 10.1007/s10068-018-0472-4

Table 1.

Effect of Carthamus tinctorius L. seed on lipid peroxidation (A) and NO production (B) in the brain, kidney, and liver of alcohol-treated mice

(A)
Group	MDA (nmol/mg protein)
Group	Brain	Kidney	Liver
Normal	24.22 ± 2.98^b	5.77 ± 0.53^ab	1.59 ± 0.29^b
Control	33.22 ± 7.69^a	6.22 ± 0.53^a	2.24 ± 0.72^a
CTS 100	30.37 ± 6.92^ab	5.26 ± 0.25^b	1.69 ± 0.22^b
CTS 200	26.49 ± 6.72^ab	5.48 ± 0.32^b	1.44 ± 0.27^b

(B)
Group	NaNO₂ (μmol/L/mg protein)
Group	Brain	Kidney	Liver
Normal	8.96 ± 0.54^b	29.42 ± 1.95^b	35.72 ± 7.73^b
Control	10.14 ± 0.84^a	31.98 ± 2.35^a	45.97 ± 8.50^a
CTS 100	10.14 ± 0.58^a	27.58 ± 1.14^bc	31.70 ± 8.90^b
CTS 200	9.10 ± 0.64^ab	26.26 ± 0.49^c	31.51 ± 9.75^b

The values are the mean ± SD (n = 6)

^a,b,cMeans with different letters are significantly different (p < 0.05) by Duncan’s multiple range test. Normal = distilled water + 1% CMC solution; Control = 16% EtOH (5.0 g/kg/day) + 1% CMC solution; CTS 100 = 16% EtOH (5.0 g/kg/day) + Carthamus tinctorius L. seed (100 mg/kg/day in 1% CMC solution); CTS 200 = 16% EtOH (5.0 g/kg/day) + Carthamus tinctorius L. seed (200 mg/kg/day in 1% CMC solution)