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. 2018 Oct 3;8:14727. doi: 10.1038/s41598-018-32987-x

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© The Author(s) 2018

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Sampling scheme. The sampling points, labelled (A) (effluent of water treatment plant, after chlorine dioxide dosage and after DW reservoir), (B) (effluent of intermediate pumping station and storage reservoir), (C,D) (transport pipelines), (E) (distribution pipeline), and (F) (tap water), are indicated by red arrows. The position of the chlorine dioxide (ClO₂) dosage is indicated by the blue arrow. The distance between sampling points are shown in kilometres (km).