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. 2018 Oct 3;8:14765. doi: 10.1038/s41598-018-32516-w

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© The Author(s) 2018

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Circadian rhythms in the neonatal SCN slices of Bmal1-Eluc:Per2-SLR2 mice (a) Sequential records of circadian Bmal1 (green) and Per2 (red) rhythm in a neonatal SCN slice. Original records were smoothed by a 5 point (80 minutes) moving average method and detrended by a 24 hour moving subtraction method. The abscissa indicates the day in culture and the ordinate the relative intensity of bioluminescence (right, Bmal1; left, Per2). Day 0 means the day of slice preparation. (b,c) A double plotted circadian Bmal1 (b) and Per2 (c) rhythm in a raster format. Bioluminescence data of each day were indicated as a percentile to the daily mean. (d) Successive plots of circadian peak phases (Bmal1, green; Per2, red) and regressions lines fitted to them in the same SCN slice as used in (a). (e) Circadian periods of individual Bmal1 and Per2 rhythms (n = 6) calculated from a regression line. A horizontal bar indicates the mean circadian period. Circadian periods of the rhythms from the same SCN are indicated with the same colors. (f) Chi-square periodogram demonstrates significantly different circadian periods of Bmal1 (green) and Per2 (red) rhythm. A black oblique line in the graph indicates the significance level at p < 0.05. (g) Phase difference (ψ) between the circadian Bmal1 and Per2 peaks in each cycle. The values are indicated as the mean and SD. (h) The mean and SD of ψ in the first and the last 10 cycles is indicated. **p < 0.01 (paired t-test).