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. 2018 Oct 3;8:14760. doi: 10.1038/s41598-018-33034-5

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© The Author(s) 2018

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Schematic representation of the used compartment models. C_a is the concentration of tracer in the arterial blood (arterial input function AIF). (a) The one-tissue compartment model (1TCM) describes the exchange of tracer between the arterial blood with the tissue in terms of exchange rates K₁(1TCM) and k₂(1TCM). In an element of tissue the blood compartment in form of the capillaries occupies the volume fraction V_B, whereas the fraction of tissue volume is V_T = 1-V_B. (b) The more complex two-tissue compartment model (2TCM) separates the tracer concentration in tissue into tracer in the extracellular extravascular space (EES) and in the cells. Tracer is transported from the capillaries into the EES over the blood-brain barrier with rates K₁(2TCM), k₂(2TCM), and from the EES it is taken up in the cells with rates k₃(2TCM), k₄(2TCM).