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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2019 Oct 23.
Published in final edited form as: AIDS. 2018 Oct 23;32(16):2393–2403. doi: 10.1097/QAD.0000000000001972

Table 3.

Adjusted association of carotid artery measures with time to death due to any cause, HIV-positive only.

WIHS women (N=1,231) MACS men (N=807) WIHS and MACS (N=2,038) P for interaction by cohort
HR (95% CI) P-value HR (95% CI) P-value HR (95% CI) P-value
Carotid artery measures in separate models
Plaque (ref. = no plaque) 1.01 (0.69–1.48) 0.95 1.63 (0.95–2.83) 0.08 1.24 (0.91–1.67) 0.17 0.06
CCA-IMT (ref. = Quartile 1)
 Quartile 2 1.16 (0.73–1.85) 0.53 0.93 (0.46–1.90) 0.85 1.05 (0.72–1.53) 0.80 0.70
 Quartile 3 1.18 (0.73–1.90) 0.51 0.59 (0.28–1.21) 0.15 0.94 (0.64–1.38) 0.74
 Quartile 4 0.75 (0.45–1.27) 0.29 0.61 (0.29–1.28) 0.19 0.67 (0.44–1.02) 0.06*
Young’s modulus (ref. = Quartile 1)
 Quartile 2 0.92 (0.60–1.42) 0.72 0.55 (0.25–1.20) 0.13 0.83 (0.58–1.21) 0.34 0.64
 Quartile 3 1.01 (0.65–1.56) 0.97 0.62 (0.30–1.28) 0.19 0.95 (0.66–1.37) 0.78
 Quartile 4 1.47 (0.94–2.28) 0.09 0.99 (0.56–1.93) 0.99 1.36 (0.95–1.96) 0.10
Carotid artery measures in the same model
Plaque (ref. = no plaque) 1.15 (0.78–1.71) 0.47 1.65 (0.93–2.91) 0.09 1.35 (1.00–1.84) 0.05 0.048
CCA-IMT (ref. = Quartile 1)
 Quartile 2 1.22 (0.76–1.94) 0.41 0.93 (0.45–1.90) 0.83 1.08 (0.74–1.57) 0.69 0.85
 Quartile 3 1.23 (0.76–2.00) 0.39 0.57 (0.27–1.18) 0.13 0.95 (0.64–1.40) 0.80
 Quartile 4 0.80 (0.47–1.36) 0.40 0.55 (0.25–1.20) 0.14 0.67 (0.44–1.04) 0.08*
Young’s modulus (ref. = Quartile 1)
 Quartile 2 0.92 (0.60–1.41) 0.71 0.59 (0.26–1.31) 0.19 0.81 (0.56–1.18) 0.28 0.80
 Quartile 3 1.02 (0.66–1.59) 0.91 0.64 (0.30–1.34) 0.24 0.93 (0.64–1.35) 0.70
 Quartile 4 1.43 (0.92–2.24) 0.11 0.90 (0.45–1.82) 0.78 1.26 (0.87–1.83) 0.22

All models adjusted for age, race/ethnicity, education, income, study site, history of injection drug use, crack/cocaine use, smoking, alcohol, hepatitis C virus infection, body mass index, systolic blood pressure, total and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, use of anti-hypertensive or cholesterol medications, diabetes, baseline CD4 T-cell count, antiretroviral therapy use, and history of AIDS.

CCA-IMT = common carotid artery intima-media thickness, CI = confidence interval, HR = hazard ratio, MACS = Multicenter AIDS Cohort Study, WIHS = Women’s Interagency HIV Study.

*

p<0.05 for trend.