Table 1.

Extant sample.

species	subfamily	locomotion	sex	average body mass (g)a	accession number	museum/database
Alouatta caraya	Alouattinae	clamber/suspensory	male	5375	AMNH211513	Morphosource (http://morphosource.org/)
Alouatta seniculus	Alouattinae	clamber/suspensory	male	5950	AMNH23549	American Museum of Natural History
Aotus azarae	Cebinae	arboreal quadruped	male	1205	AMNH211458	American Museum of Natural History
Aotus infulatus	Cebinae	arboreal quadruped	female	1215	AMNH94992	Morphosource (http://morphosource.org/)
Aotus nancymaae	Cebinae	arboreal quadruped	male	787	AMNH239851	Morphosource (http://morphosource.org/)
Aotus trivirgatus	Cebinae	arboreal quadruped	female	786	AMNH187963	American Museum of Natural History
Ateles belzebul	Atelinae	clamber/suspensory	male	8070	AMNH95040	American Museum of Natural History
Ateles fusciceps	Atelinae	clamber/suspensory	male	9025	AMNH188140	Morphosource (http://morphosource.org/)
Ateles geoffroyi	Atelinae	clamber/suspensory	male	7535	AMNH28420	American Museum of Natural History
Ateles marginatus	Atelinae	clamber/suspensory	male	10230	AMNH95040	American Museum of Natural History
Cacajao calvus	Pitheciinae	arboreal quadruped	male	3165	USNM319516	National Museum of Natural History; Smithsonian Institution
Callicebus cupreus	Callicebinae	arboreal quadruped	male	1070	AMNH136208	American Museum of Natural History
Callicebus donacophilus	Callicebinae	arboreal quadruped	male	950	AMNH211487	American Museum of Natural History
Callicebus moloch	Callicebinae	arboreal quadruped	unknown	988	AMNH210393	Morphosource (http://morphosource.org/)
Callicebus personatus	Callicebinae	arboreal quadruped	female	1325	USNM240088	National Museum of Natural History; Smithsonian Institution
Callicebus torquatus	Callicebinae	arboreal quadruped	female	1325	USNM398212	National Museum of Natural History; Smithsonian Institution
Callimico goeldii	Callithrichinae	leaper	male	483.5	USNM395455	National Museum of Natural History; Smithsonian Institution
Callithrix geoffroyi	Callithrichinae	leaper	male	359	USNM582900	National Museum of Natural History; Smithsonian Institution
Callithrix jacchus	Callithrichinae	leaper	male	320.5	USNM399034	National Museum of Natural History; Smithsonian Institution
Callithrix penicillata	Callithrichinae	leaper	female	325.5	AMNH133692	American Museum of Natural History
Cebuella pygmaea	Callithrichinae	leaper	male	116	USNM303037	National Museum of Natural History; Smithsonian Institution
Cebus albifrons	Cebinae	arboreal quadruped	male	2735	AMNH209924	American Museum of Natural History
Cebus apella	Cebinae	arboreal quadruped	male	3085	AMNH133607	American Museum of Natural History
Cebus nigritus	Cebinae	arboreal quadruped	male	2825	USNM518478	National Museum of Natural History; Smithsonian Institution
Cebus olivaceus	Cebinae	arboreal quadruped	male	2905	AMNH30197	American Museum of Natural History
Chiropotes satanas	Pitheciinae	arboreal quadruped	male	2740	AMNH95760	Morphosource (http://morphosource.org/)
Lagothrix lagotricha	Atelinae	clamber/suspensory	male	7150	AMNH188153	American Museum of Natural History
Leontopithecus rosalia	Callithrichinae	leaper	male	609	USNM588152	National Museum of Natural History; Smithsonian Institution
Mico argentatus	Callithrichinae	leaper	male	345	USNM399069	National Museum of Natural History; Smithsonian Institution
Mico humeralifer	Callithrichinae	leaper	unknown	473.5	AMNH188164	American Museum of Natural History
Mico melanurus	Callithrichinae	leaper	female	350	USNM574137	National Museum of Natural History; Smithsonian Institution
Pithecia monachus	Pitheciinae	arboreal quadruped	male	2360	USNM395692	National Museum of Natural History; Smithsonian Institution
Pithecia pithecia	Pitheciinae	arboreal quadruped	male	1760	AMNH149149	Morphosource (http://morphosource.org/)
Saguinus fuscicolis	Callithrichinae	leaper	unknown	350.5	AMNH147433	American Museum of Natural History
Saguinus leucopus	Callithrichinae	leaper	female	492	AMNH148322	American Museum of Natural History
Saguinus midas	Callithrichinae	leaper	male	545	AMNH97316	Morphosource (http://morphosource.org/)
Saguinus mystax	Callithrichinae	leaper	male	524.5	AMNH188171	Morphosource (http://morphosource.org/)
Saguinus oedipus	Callithrichinae	leaper	female	411	AMNH200882	American Museum of Natural History
Saimiri boliviensis	Cebinae	arboreal quadruped	male	811	AMNH211596	American Museum of Natural History
Saimiri sciureus	Cebinae	arboreal quadruped	male	720.5	AMNH188090	Morphosource (http://morphosource.org/)

^aBody mass data from Smith & Jungers [27].