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The means and standard error of the mean (SEM) of positive affect (PA) and negative affect (NA) Ratings in Experiment 2 for the singing group (SIG) and non-singing group (NSG) at baseline (T1), after 30 min (T2), and after 60 min (T3). SIG, singing group; NSG, non-singing group; PA, positive affect; NA, negative affect (range 0–3). *p < 0.05, ***p < 0.001.
