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. 2018 Oct 3;9:2041731418801103. doi: 10.1177/2041731418801103

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© The Author(s) 2018

This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 License (http://www.creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) which permits non-commercial use, reproduction and distribution of the work without further permission provided the original work is attributed as specified on the SAGE and Open Access pages (https://us.sagepub.com/en-us/nam/open-access-at-sage).

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Figure 7. — IMS induces differential gene expression in PF-S and PF-C stem cells. MMS does not alter the collagen I expression in PF-S stem cells, but there is significant increase in PF-C stem cells. However, IMS enhances collagen I in both types of stem cells with higher expression in PF-C cells (a). In contrast, at MMS, collagen IV expression is significantly enhanced in PF-S cells without any change in PF-C cells (b), whereas IMS significantly increases the expression of collagen IV in PF-S and PF-C stem cells with higher expression in PF-S cells compared to PF-C cells and unstretched control (b). Moreover, at MMS, angiogenesis marker CD105 expression does not change in PF-S and PF-C cells, but 8% stretch significantly enhances the expression only in PF-S cells (c). MMS does not increase gene expression of matrix degradative enzymes MMP-1 and MMP-2; however, IMS significantly enhances the gene expression in PF-S and PF-C cells compared to respective controls ((d), (e)). Moreover, MMS does not change the non-ligament-related gene expression (LPL, Runx-2, collagen II) in both PF-S and PF-C cells ((f)–(h)). However, IMS increases the expression of all three non-ligament-related genes including LPL for adipogenesis (f), Runx-2 for osteogenesis (g), and collagen II for chondrogenesis (h) in both PF-S and PF-C cells compared to unstretched control. *p < 0.05.