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Functional consequences of skeletal muscle insulin resistance. A: an insulin-sensitive skeletal myocyte activates the metabolic insulin receptor substrate 1 (IRS1)-phosphoinositide-3-kinase (PI3K)-AKT arm of the insulin signaling cascade to increase glucose uptake and glycogen synthesis. B: an insulin-resistant myocyte exhibits impairments in proximal insulin signaling events, blunting insulin’s ability to stimulate GLUT4 translocation and glycogen synthesis.
