Table 3.

General characteristics of participants and the distribution of MetS and its components of CUADHS

Factor	Group	N	Elevated WC		Elevated fasting glucose		Elevated blood pressure		Elevated TC	Reduced HDL			MetS
			%	P	%	P	%	P	%	P	%	P	%	P
Total		1520,100	35.3		32.9		37		40.9		43.6		36.4
Gender	Male	527,34.7	41.2	<0.001	41.7	<0.001	46.1	<0.001	47.2	<0.001	42.5	0.548	43.5	<0.001
	Female	993,65.3	32.1		28.2		32.2		37.5		44.1		32.7
Age	18~ 44.9 years	547,36	17.6	<0.001	13.7	<0.001	9.7	<0.001	20.8	<0.001	30.2	<0.001	14.6	<0.001
	45~ 54.9 years	260,17.1	36.2		24.6		26.9		40		43.5		29.2
	55~ 64.9 years	272,17.9	48.2		46		55.5		56.6		56.3		52.6
	≥65 years	441,29.0	48.8		53.5		65.5		56.5		52.4		57.8
Educational attainment	Illiterate	66,4.3	63.6	<0.001	47	<0.001	69.7	<0.001	62.1	<0.001	60.6	<0.001	69.7	<0.001
	Middle school or lower	445,29.3	46.5		45.4		51.9		49.4		47.4		46.3
	High school or professional training education	627,41.3	32.7		28.4		32.4		40.4		46.1		34
	Undergraduate education or higher	378,24.9	21.2		23		21.2		28.3		32.3		23
Drinking behavior	No	942,68.5	36.3	0.427	34.9	0.594	41.3	0.027	44.8	0.188	45.8	0.315	39.7	0.212
	Yes	434,31.5	34.1		36.4		35		41		42.9		36.2
Smoking behavior	Never smoked	1145,75.3	32.3	<0.001	30.2	<0.001	34.4	<0.001	38.4	0.002	42.4	0.066	33.1	<0.001
	Former smoker	165,10.9	46.1		46.7		53.3		44.8		42.4		46.1
	Current smoker	210,13.8	42.9		36.7		38.6		51		51		47.1
BMI	<18.5 kg/m2	74,4.9	0	<0.001	9.5	<0.001	5.4	<0.001	4.1	<ss0.001	12.2	<0.001	4.1	<0.001
	18.5~ 24.0 kg/m2	739,48.6	7		26		26.9		29.8		33		18.3
	24.0~ 28.0 kg/m2	538,35.4	60.8		41.4		48.1		53.9		56.1		53.9
	≥28.0 kg/m2	168,11.1	92.9		46.4		60.1		64.3		63.7		75
Physical activity	Sedentary group	119,7.8	38.7	0.095	33.6	0.008	32.8	0.001	45.4	0.132	50.4	0.169	40.3	0.092
	T1	468,30.8	30.8		28.6		31		36.5		41		31.8
	T2	466,30.7	36.3		31.1		38		42.7		45.9		38.6
	T3	467,30.7	37.9		38.8		43.3		42.2		42		37.9
Energy intake	Q1	380,25.0	35.8	0.964	30.3	0.121	35.3	0.647	37.6	0.485	41.3	0.71	33.7	0.639
	Q2	380,25.0	35.8		35.5		35.8		41.8		44.5		37.1
	Q3	380,25.0	34.2		29.7		37.9		42.9		45.3		37.4
	Q4	380,25.0	35.3		36.1		39.2		41.1		43.2		37.6
HFD-index	Q1	368,24.2	33.2	0.764	29.9	0.166	36.1	0.295	38.6	0.196	37.5	0.014	35.3	0.035
	Q2	410,27.0	36.6		36.8		39		41.2		46.1		37.1
	Q3	368,24.2	35.1		27.4		33.4		38.3		41.8		31.5
	Q4	374,24.6	36.1		36.9		39.3		45.2		48.4		41.7

Note: ^aSubjects who only reported sedentary behaviors were classified as Sedentary group, the others were trisected into three groups (T1, T2 and T3) according to the calculated metabolic equivalents (MET)/d from the smallest to the highest;

^bEnergy intakes were quadrisected into four groups (Q1, Q2, Q3 and Q4) from the smallest to the highest;

^cChinese HFD-Index values were quadrisected into four groups (Q1, Q2, Q3 and Q4) from the smallest to the highest