Table 3.
Effects of training and fructose supplementation on morphological and metabolic characteristics of rats
| C | Ex | FF | ExFF | ANOVA2 or Kruskall Wallis | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Body weight at 15 weeks (g) | 408.50 ± 14.07 a (n = 8) |
409.63 ± 12.14 a (n = 8) |
495.25 ± 25.26 b (n = 8) |
372.50 ± 6.47 a (n = 10) |
Training effect p = 0.016 |
| Heart weight (% bw) | 0.27 ± 0.02 a (n = 8) |
0.30 ± 0.01 ab (n = 8) |
0.32 ± 0.01 b (n = 8) |
0.29 ± 0.01 ab (n = 10) |
Interaction p = 0.007 |
| Food intake AUC for 6 weeks (g/day/100 g) | 41.26 ± 0.99 a (n = 8) |
37.74 ± 1.02 b (n = 8) |
30.48 ± 0.73 c (n = 8) |
29.53 ± 0.57 c (n = 10) |
Training effect p = 0.02 Fructose effect p < 0.001 |
| Drink intake AUC for 6 weeks (mL/day/100 g) | 74.10 ± 3.22 a (n = 8) |
54.44 ± 3.90 b (n = 8) |
81.14 ± 1.87 a (n = 8) |
80.27 ± 3.43 a (n = 10) |
Training effect p = 0.004 Fructose effect p < 0.001 Interaction p = 0.007 |
| Total Calorie intake AUC for 6 weeks (kcal/day/100 g) | 130.06 ± 3.11 a (n = 8) |
118.96 ± 3.21 a (n = 8) |
177.20 ± 1.62 b (n = 8) |
173.34 ± 3.75 b (n = 10) |
Fructose effect p < 0.001 |
| Fasting glycaemia (mg/dL) | 88.14 ± 3.05 a (n = 7) |
77.38 ± 3.41 b (n = 8) |
98.29 ± 3.01 a (n = 7) |
86.70 ± 2.95 a (n = 10) |
Training effect p = 0.002 Fructose effect p = 0.006 |
| HOMA 2-IR | 1.62 ± 0.16 ab (n = 6) |
0.74 ± 0.40 a (n = 8) |
2.87 ± 0.43 b (n = 7) |
1.48 ± 0.34 ab (n = 10) |
Training effect p = 0.002 Fructose effect p = 0.027 |
| HIRI (×104) | 2.61 ± 0.40 (n = 7) |
4.74 ± 0.80 (n = 8) |
7.27 ± 1.23 (n = 7) |
3.67 ± 0.90 (n = 10) |
No effect |
| MISI | 0.50 ± 0.04 ab (n = 7) |
0.75 ± 0.11 b (n = 8) |
0.34 ± 0.04 a (n = 7) |
0.77 ± 0.07 b (n = 10) |
Training effect p < 0.001 |
| Fasting Leptin (ng/mL) | 4.52 ± 0.40 a (n = 6) |
1.38 ± 0.18 b (n = 8) |
4.20 ± 0.92 a (n = 8) |
1.92 ± 0.27 c (n = 9) |
Training effect p < 0.001 |
| Fasting Adiponectin (μg/mL) | 10.81 ± 0.58 a (n = 8) |
8.26 ± 1.06 ab (n = 6) |
9.31 ± 0.61 ab (n = 8) |
7.79 ± 0.45 b (n = 8) |
Training effect p = 0.005 |
| Ratio leptin/adiponectin (LAR) | 0.46 ± 0.06 a (n = 6) |
0.19 ± 0.03 b (n = 6) |
0.43 ± 0.07 a (n = 8) |
0.27 ± 0.04 ab (n = 8) |
Training effect p = 0.0004 |
Values are means ± SEM. The results of ANOVA 2 or Kruskal Wallis were displayed in the extreme right column. Statistical differences with post-hoc test are observed when lowercase letters (a, b, c under values) are different with p < 0.05