Table 1.
Characteristics of participants with COPD aged 40–79 by race and ethnicity, U.S. NHANES 2007–2012 and Korea NHANES 2007–2015a
| U.S. NHANES | Korea NHANES | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Non-Hispanic White (n = 944) | Non-Hispanic Black (n = 324) | Hispanicb (n = 227) | Korean (n = 3808) | p value | |
| Age, years | 59.8(0.4) | 59.6 (0.7) | 59.6 (0.8) | 63.6 (0.2) | < 0.001 |
| Age group, years | < 0.001 | ||||
| 40–49 | 18.7 (1.7) | 20.7 (2.9) | 19.7 (3.1) | 11.3 (0.7) | |
| 50–59 | 31.2 (2.2) | 30.9 (2.6) | 29.9 (3.9) | 23.2 (0.9) | |
| 60–69 | 30.3 (2.4) | 24.1 (1.8) | 32.0 (3.0) | 31.2 (0.9) | |
| 70–79 | 19.8 (1.3) | 24.2 (2.5) | 18.3 (2.7) | 34.3 (1.0) | |
| Men, % | 59.1 (2.4) | 60.2 (2.3) | 69.2 (4.2) | 73.8 (0.9) | < 0.001 |
| BMI, kg/m2 | 27.7 (0.2) | 27.8 (0.4) | 28. 6 (0.4) | 23.7 (0.1) | < 0.001 |
| BMI group | 0.023 | ||||
| Underweight | 1.9 (0.5) | 3.1 (1.2) | 0 | 2.7 (0.4) | |
| Normal | 32.3 (1.6) | 35.1 (2.8) | 27.4 (3.4) | 38.9 (1.1) | |
| Overweight | 37.8 (1.5) | 33.4 (2.3) | 41.9 (3.7) | 27.6 (0.9) | |
| Obese | 27.9 (1.4) | 28.4 (2.6) | 30.7 (3.8) | 30.7 (1.0) | |
| Smoking | < 0.001 | ||||
| Current | 33.5 (2.4) | 42.4 (3.4) | 26.4 (2.8) | 41.6 (1.0) | |
| Former | 39.9 (2.1) | 26.4 (2.2) | 35.5 (2.9) | 27.9 (0.9) | |
| Never | 26.6 (2.1) | 31.3 (2.8) | 38.1 (3.3) | 30.5 (1.0) | |
| Spirometry | |||||
| FVC, % predicted | 96.5 (0.7) | 96.7 (1.1) | 97.9 (1.4) | 90.5 (0.3) | < 0.001 |
| FEV1, % predicted | 80.3 (0.7) | 77.5 (1.1) | 82.6 (1.3) | 77.8 (0.3) | < 0.001 |
| COPD severityc | 0.106 | ||||
| Mild | 52.3 (2.3) | 46.5 (3.1) | 60.4 (4.1) | 46.4 (1.0) | |
| Moderate | 41.3 (2.2) | 44.4 (3.1) | 36.0 (4.3) | 48.7 (1.1) | |
| Severe-to-very severe | 6.4 (0.8) | 9.2 (2.3) | 3.6 (1.1) | 4.9 (0.4) | |
aValues are presented as weighted means (standard error of the mean) or weighted percentage (standard error of the percentage)
bHispanic was defined as Mexican American or other Hispanic
cParticipants were categorized as having mild (FEV1 / FVC < 0.7 and FEV1 ≥ 80% predicted), moderate (FEV1 / FVC < 0.7 and 50% ≤ FEV1 < 80% predicted), or severe-to-very severe (FEV1 / FVC < 0.7 and FEV1 < 50% predicted) disease based on the Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease guideline
COPD chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, NHANES National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES), BMI body mass index, FEV1 forced expiratory volume in 1 s, FVC forced expiratory vital capacity