Table 2.
Study population: having no GP with adjusted odds ratios (aOR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) estimated from logistic regression stratified by gender (DEGS1)
| Having no GP | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Total (n = 7755) | Men (n = 3682) | Women (n = 4073) | |
| aOR (95% CI)a | aOR (95% CI) a | aOR (95% CI)a | |
| Migration background | *** | *** | |
| One-sided | 0.86 (0.50–1.47) | 0.84 (0.41–1.71) | 0.94 (0.45–1.99) |
| Two-sided | 1.90 (1.42–2.55) | 2.33 (1.54–3.55) | 1.43 (0.92–2.22) |
| No | ref. | ref. | ref. |
| Gender | ** | ||
| Male | 1.41 (1.15–1.74) | – | – |
| Female | ref. | – | – |
| Age group (years) | *** | *** | |
| 18–29 | 3.63 (2.09–6.30) | 2.63 (1.18–5.88) | 5.20 (2.51–10.75) |
| 30–44 | 2.59 (1.56–4.30) | 2.18 (1.06–4.51) | 2.95 (1.56–5.57) |
| 45–64 | 1.78 (1.14–2.76) | 1.66 (0.85–3.26) | 1.80 (1.01–3.18) |
| 65–79 | ref. | ref. | ref. |
| Residential area (inhabitants) | *** | *** | *** |
| Big city (100,000+) | 2.51 (1.83–3.45) | 2.33 (1.53–3.57) | 2.76 (1.77–4.31) |
| Medium-sized town (20,000 - < 100,000) | 1.31 (0.94–1.83) | 1.12 (0.69–1.82) | 1.65 (1.07–2.52) |
| Small town (5000 - < 20,000) | 1.35 (0.95–1.91) | 1.29 (0.83–2.01) | 1.41 (0.83–2.42) |
| Rural (< 5000) | ref. | ref. | ref. |
| Marital status | |||
| Single | 1.38 (1.01–1.90) | 1.63 (1.02–2.61) | 1.09 (0.69–1.74) |
| Divorced/widowed | 1.13 (0.75–1.70) | 1.49 (0.83–2.70) | 0.86 (0.50–1.48) |
| Married | ref. | ref. | ref. |
| SES | * | *** | |
| Low | 0.89 (0.62–1.28) | 0.97 (0.59–1.61) | 0.78 (0.49–1.27) |
| Medium | 0.68 (0.51–0.91) | 0.90 (0.62–1.29) | 0.47 (0.33–0.67) |
| High | ref. | ref. | ref. |
| Excess work (≥50 h/week) | |||
| Yes | 1.21 (0.88–1.67) | 1.18 (0.81–1.74) | 1.50 (0.70–3.22) |
| Non-working/65+ years | 1.13 (0.86–1.49) | 1.03 (0.65–1.62) | 1.24 (0.85–1.79) |
| No | ref. | ref. | ref. |
| General state of health | |||
| Average/bad/very bad | 0.81 (0.56–1.16) | 0.70 (0.43–1.13) | 0.96 (0.56–1.63) |
| Very good/good | ref. | ref. | ref. |
| Chronic diseases | *** | ** | ** |
| Yes | 0.44 (0.31–0.63) | 0.45 (0.28–0.71) | 0.45 (0.26–0.80) |
| No | ref. | ref. | ref. |
| Health insurance | *** | *** | |
| Private | 2.23 (1.60–3.12) | 2.45 (1.67–3.61) | 1.81 (0.96–3.39) |
| Others | 2.23 (1.51–3.31) | 2.62 (1.63–4.22) | 1.61 (0.89–2.91) |
| Statutory | ref. | ref. | ref. |
aAdjusted odds ratios estimated from logistic regression, missing responses were allocated to the reference category (n = 7755). P values: *** p < 0.001 ** p < 0.01 * p < 0.05