Table 1.

References regarding the physiological functions of glycosaminoglycans in animal cells and tissues

Physiological function	Heparin	Heparan sulfate	Chondroitin sulfate	Dermatan sulfate	Hyaluronic acid	Keratan sulfate
Cell-cell/cell-matrix interactions	–	Thakar et al. [54]	Milstone et al. [58]	Lewandowska et al. [63]	Underhill et al. [67]	Funderburgh et al. [72]
Immune modulation	Almeida et al. [50] Borsig et al. [51]	Almeida et al. [50]; Thakar et al. [54]	Borsig et al. [51]	Nadafi et al. [64]	Horton et al. [68]; Termeer et al. [69]	Leroux et al. [73]
Host-pathogen interactions	Angeletti et al. [52]	Takemae et al. [55]; Ndonwi et al. [56]	Rogerson et al. [59]; Ayres Pereira et al. [60]	Ndonwi et al. [56]; Fortune et al. [65]	Beeson et al. [70] Skinsnes et al. [71]	–
Anticoagulant activities	McLean et al. [53]	Shworak et al. [57]	Mourão et al. [61]; Glauser et al. [62]	Ofosu et al. [66]	–	–