Table 5.
Mean Difference between WHO Regions, and between UN Developed and Developing Regions
| I (Region) | Meat | PC61 incidence rate | Residual of PC61 incidence standardised on meat | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| J (Region) | Mean difference (I-J) | I (Region) | J (Region) | Mean difference (I-J) | I (Region) | J (Region) | Mean difference (I-J) | |
| AF n=39 mean= 21.14 |
AM | -43.07*** | AF | AM | -33.75*** | AF | AM | -1.97 |
| EM | -11.98 | n=38 | EM | 10.35 | n=38 | EM | 18.92 | |
| EU | -45.51*** | mean=22.70 | EU | -32.19*** | mean= 5.37 | EU | 2.01 | |
| SEA | 3.4 | SEA | 16.42 | SEA | 13.24 | |||
| WP | -40.83*** | WP | -11.39 | WP | 20.15 | |||
| AM n=36 mean= 33.12 |
AF | 43.07*** | AM | AF | 33.75*** | AM | AF | 1.97 |
| EM | 31.09*** | n=29 | EM | 44.10*** | n=29 | EM | 20.89 | |
| EU | -2.44 | mean=12.35 | EU | 1.56 | mean= 9.44 | EU | 3.98 | |
| SEA | 46.47*** | SEA | 50.17*** | SEA | 15.21 | |||
| WP | 2.23 | WP | 22.36 | WP | 22.13 | |||
| EM n=18 mean= 40.77 |
AF | 11.98 | EM | AF | -10.35 | EM | AF | -18.92 |
| AM | -31.09*** | n=18 | AM | -44.10*** | n=18 | AM | -20.89 | |
| EU | -33.53*** | mean=40.77 | EU | -42.54*** | mean= -14.15 | EU | -16.91 | |
| SEA | 15.38 | SEA | 6.07 | SEA | -5.68 | |||
| WP | -28.86* | WP | -21.74 | WP | 1.23 | |||
| EU n=50 mean=66.95 |
AF | 45.51*** | EU | AF | 32.19*** | EU | AF | -2.01 |
| AM | 2.44 | n=50 | AM | -1.56 | n=50 | AM | -3.98 | |
| EM | 33.53*** | mean=54.89 | EM | 42.54*** | mean=2.77 | EM | 16.91 | |
| SEA | 48.91*** | SEA | 48.61*** | SEA | 11.23 | |||
| WP | 4.68 | WP | 20.8 | WP | 18.15 | |||
| SEA n=10 mean= 17.74 |
AF | -3.4 | SEA | AF | -16.42 | SEA | AF | -13.24 |
| AM | -46.47*** | n=10 | AM | -50.17*** | n=10 | AM | -15.21 | |
| EM | -15.38 | mean= 6.28 | EM | -6.07 | mean= -8.47 | EM | 5.68 | |
| EU | -48.91*** | EU | -48.61*** | EU | -11.23 | |||
| WP | -44.23*** | WP | -27.81 | WP | 6.91 | |||
| WP n= 19 mean =61.97 |
AF | 40.83*** | WP | AF | 11.39 | WP | AF | -20.15 |
| AM | -2.23 | n= 18 | AM | -22.36 | n= 18 | AM | -22.13 | |
| EM | 28.86* | mean=34.09 | EM | 21.74 | mean= -15.38 | EM | -1.23 | |
| EU | -4.68 | EU | -20.8 | EU | -18.15 | |||
| SEA | 44.23*** | SEA | 27.81 | SEA | -6.91 | |||
Mean comparisons between WHO regions (One-way ANOVA, Post hoc Scheffe) were reported; Meat intake (kg/capita/year) sourced from the Food and Agriculture Organization; Ageing (percent of males ages 65 and above) and GDP PPP (gross domestic product converted to international dollars using purchasing power parity rates) and urbanization (the percent of males living in urban areas) were sourced from the World Bank.