Figure 6.

(A) An example of a problematic SNP on chromosome X. The male subjects are presented in yellow (Gray when printing in grayscale), and they should not appear in the AB cluster because males are haploid on chromosome X. (B) An example of a problematic SNP on chromosome Y. The female subjects are presented in green (Gray when printing in grayscale), and they should not be included in any cluster because females do not have chromosome Y. (C) An example of an mtDNA SNP. The AB cluster indicates the presence of heteroplasmy in numerous samples at this site. (D) An example of an mtDNA SNP where the AB cluster included a few samples with low R values by mistake. This problem can be resolved by moving the AB cluster slightly up. A colour version of this figure is available at BIB online: https://academic.oup.com/bib.