Fig. 1.

Mechanism for enhanced osseointegration in ONFC implants and schematic for coating osteogenic nanofibres around the titanium implants. A (a) ONFC titanium implant is placed aseptically in the bone, (b) ONFC implant provides favourable niche for osteoblasts and undifferentiated mesenchymal stem cells in the peri-implant zone to attach, grow and proliferate, (c) cells lodge in the ONFC which mimics extracellular matrix and starts the process of osteoinduction and osteoconduction, (d) new bone formation (mesial to the dotted line) results in enhanced osseointegration of the implant. B Electrospinning apparatus for coating osteogenic nanofibres around the implants: 1—syringe pump, 2—syringe, 3—needle, 4—nanofibres, 5—DC motor, 6—titanium bone screws attached to the shaft of the motor, 7—collector plate, 8—voltage generator