Table 1. Healthcare utilization by women with children aged 0–11 months from 25 high priority districts in Uttar Pradesh (N = 5,565) across social determinants of health.
| Total Sample | Pregnancy registration | Any ANC in the third trimester | Institutional Delivery | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| (n) | % (n) | p-value* | % (n) | p | % (n) | P | |
| Social Groups | |||||||
| SC/ST | 29.3 (1629) | 84.5 (1376) | <0.01 | 41.6 (678) | <0.01 | 66.2 (1078) | <0.01 |
| OBC | 53.5 (2977) | 87.3 (2600) | 45.3 (1348) | 69.6 (2073) | |||
| Others | 17.2 (959) | 82.1 (787) | 51.0 (489) | 73.9 (709) | |||
| Religion | |||||||
| Muslim | 16.2 (901) | 81.7 (736) | <0.01 | 46.2 (416) | 0.52 | 65.5 (590) | <0.01 |
| Non-Muslim | 83.8 (4664) | 86.3 (4027) | 45.0 (2099) | 70.1 (3270) | |||
| Wealth | |||||||
| Lowest | 20.0 (1113) | 79.6 (886) | <0.01 | 38.4 (427) | <0.01 | 63.8 (710) | <0.01 |
| Low | 20.0 (1113) | 81.9 (912) | 39.4 (439) | 60.3 (671) | |||
| Medium | 20.0 (1113) | 88.0 (979) | 42.3 (471) | 67.0 (746) | |||
| High | 20.0 (1113) | 89.4 (995) | 47.2 (525) | 74.7 (831) | |||
| Highest | 20.0 (1113) | 89.0 (991) | 58.7 (653) | 81.0 (902) | |||
| Literacy | |||||||
| Illiterate | 53.8 (2996) | 83.1 (2489) | <0.01 | 38.6 (1156) | <0.01 | 62.1 (1860) | <0.01 |
| Literate | 46.2 (2569) | 88.5 (2274) | 52.9 (1359) | 77.9 (2000) | |||
| Age | |||||||
| Below 20 years | 58 | 86.2(50) | <0.01 | 48.3(28) | <0.01 | 72.4(42) | <0.01 |
| 20–24 years | 1814 | 88.3(1601) | 49.1(890) | 76.4(1385) | |||
| 25–29 years | 2287 | 85.4(1954) | 45.9(1049) | 67.5(1543) | |||
| 30–34 years | 946 | 82(776) | 39.5(374) | 63.9(604) | |||
| 35 years or above | 460 | 83(382) | 37.8(174) | 62.2(286) | |||
| Mean | 18.1 | 18.2 | <0.01 | 18.3 | <0.01 | 18.3 | <0.01 |
| Std. deviation | 2.4 | 2.4 | 2.4 | 2.4 | |||
| Age at Marriage | |||||||
| Age at marriage (< = 16 yrs) | 1123 | 83.6(939) | <0.04 | 41.0(461) | <0.01 | 61.8(695) | <0.01 |
| Age at marriage (>16 yrs) | 4442 | 86.0(3824) | 46.2(2054) | 71.2(3165) | |||
| Mean | 18.1 | 18.2 | <0.01 | 18.3 | <0.01 | 18.3 | <0.01 |
| Std. deviation | 2.4 | 2.34 | 2.4 | 2.4 | |||
*p-values assess differences between groups who utilized the service on the given variable, based on chi-square analyses for categorical variables and t-tests for continuous variables.