. 2017 Nov 17;6(2):43–53. doi: 10.2217/ijh-2017-0002

Table 1. . Therapy-related myelodysplastic syndrome risk factors and their consequences.

Risk factors	Consequence
Alkylating agents/radiation	-5 or 5q-

	-7 or 7q-

Topoisomerase II inhibitors	MLL-fusion formation

	AML1 mutations

	PML/RARA

Single nucleotide polymorphisms in GST, MSH1/2, RAD51, CYP3A4, NQO1, EPHX1	Alterations in drug metabolizing enzymes, DNA repair or detoxification pathway members

Chemical exposure (vinyl chloride, benzene and formaldehyde)	Hemotoxicity