Table 1.

Archaeal and bacterial acidophiles.

Microorganisms	Optimum pH	Optimum temp	References
MESOPHILIC BACTERIA
Bacillus acidicola	4	37	Sharma and Satyanarayana, 2010
Leptospirillum ferroxidans	40	1.6	Zhang et al., 2010
Acidithiobacillus ferrivorans	29	2.1	Hedrich and Johnson, 2013
Acidiphilium organovorum	37	3	Lobos et al., 1986
Acidiphilium symbioticum	37	3–4	Bhattacharyya et al., 1990
Acidiphilium cryptum	35–40	3	Harrison, 1981
MODERATELY THERMOPHILIC BACTERIA
Alicyclobacillus acidocaldarius	60–65	3–4	Mavromatis et al., 2010
Acidomicrobium ferroxidans	48	2	Clark and Norris, 1996
Sulfobacillus acidophilus	45–48	2	Norris et al., 1996
Sulfobacillus thermosulfidooxidans	45–48	2	Golovacheva and Karavaiko, 1978
Alicyclobacillus acidiphilus	50	3	Matsubara et al., 2002
Leptospirilum thermoferrooxidans	45–50	1.6–1.9	Golovacheva et al., 1992
Hydrogenobacter acidophilus	65	3–4	Shima and Suzuki, 1993
Alicyclobacillus acidoterrestris	35–55	2–5	Orr et al., 2000
Archaea
Thermogymnomonas acidicola	60	3	Itoh et al., 2007
Sulfurococcus yellowstonii	60–65	2–2.5	Karavaiko et al., 1994
Sulfolobus metallicus	65–68	1–4.5	Huber and Stetter, 1991
Picrophilus torridus	60	0.7	Schleper et al., 1995
Thermoplasma acidophilum	59	1–2	Darland et al., 1970
Thermoplasma volcanium	60	2	Segerer et al., 1988
Picrophilus oshimae	60	0.7	Schleper et al., 1995
HYPERTHERMOPHILIC ARCHAEA
Acidianus infernus	90	2	Segerer et al., 1986
Desulfurolobus ambivalens	81	2.5	Fuchs et al., 1996
Metalloshaera sedula	75	1.7	Huber et al., 1989
Metallsphaera prunae	75	1–4	Fuchs et al., 1996
Sulfolobus acidocaldarius	80	2–3.5	Brock et al., 1972
Sulfolobus shibatae	80	3	Grogan et al., 1990
Sulfolobus yangmingensis	80	4	Ren-Long et al., 1999
Sulfolobus tengchongensis	85	3.5	Xiang et al., 2003
Sulfurisphaera ohwakuensis	84	2	Kurosawa et al., 1998
Acidilobus aceticus	85	3.8	Prokofeva et al., 2000