Figure 5.

Effect of GB and GK on the PI3K-AKT signaling pathway in OGD astrocytes. Primary astrocytes were exposed to OGD for 3 h. At the beginning of re-oxygenation, GB and GK (30 µg/ml, dissolved in DMSO) were added. The same volume of DMSO was added as a control. Following 24 h, the cells were collected to measure the expression of PI3K and p-AKT by western blotting. Semi-quantitative results are the presented as the mean ± standard error of the mean, and analyzed from three independent experiments with similar results. *P<0.05, as indicated. GB, ginkgolide B; GK, ginkgolide K; OGD, oxygen-glucose deprivation; PI3K, phosphoinositide 3-kinase; AKT, protein kinase B; p-, phosphorylated; DMSO, dimethyl sulfoxide.