Neonatal sevoflurane exposure had a delayed impact on memory performance as measured by the VPC task. Performance was analysed separately at each of three age ranges, therefore the effects of sevoflurane exposure across the four delays (pink lines) vs controls (blue lines) are presented in the three panels: six-10 months, 12-18 months, and 24-30 months (see text). Anaesthesia exposed monkeys were unimpaired when tested at six-10 months (left panel). However they displayed a delay-dependent deficit at 12-18 months (centre panel). In contrast, at 24-30 months of age, monkeys that were exposed to sevoflurane three times in the first month of life showed a delay-independent impairment with respect to control subjects. Control subjects shown in blue; anaesthesia exposed subjects shown in pink. Error bars indicate the SEM.