Table 4.
Logistic regression for percutaneous access instead of open for patients on VV ECMO
| VV ECMO Only | VA ECMO Only | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Characteristics | OR PERC | 95% C.I. | p-value | OR PERC | 95% C.I. | p-value |
| Race | ||||||
| White | Ref. | -- | -- | Ref. | -- | -- |
| Asian | 1.22 | (0.77, 1.92) | 0.40 | 0.71 | (0.26, 1.62) | 0.45 |
| Black | 1.15 | (0.85, 1.56) | 0.37 | 0.84 | (0.45, 1.49) | 0.56 |
| Hispanic | 1.31 | (0.92, 1.85) | 0.13 | 1.37 | (0.76, 2.38) | 0.28 |
| Other | 0.92 | (0.51, 1.61) | 0.78 | 1.49 | (0.64, 3.17) | 0.32 |
| Sex | ||||||
| Female | Ref. | -- | -- | Ref. | -- | -- |
| Male | 1.10 | (0.86, 1.39) | 0.45 | 1.33 | (0.88, 2.04) | 0.18 |
| Weight change per age group | ||||||
| < 1 year | Ref. | -- | -- | Ref. | -- | -- |
| 1 – 3 years | 0.99 | (0.89, 1.09) | 0.78 | 0.96 | (0.85, 1.04) | 0.38 |
| 4 – 6 years | 0.96 | (0.88, 1.09) | 0.22 | 0.78 | (0.61, 0.94) | 0.02 |
| 7 – 12 years | 0.97 | (0.93, 1.00) | 0.13 | 0.91 | (0.82, 0.99) | 0.05 |
| > 12 years | 0.97 | (0.93, 1.00) | 0.06 | 0.97 | (0.89, 1.02) | 0.25 |
| Weight (kg) | 1.03 | (1.01, 1.07) | 0.04 | 1.05 | (1.00, 1.13) | 0.10 |
| Age group | ||||||
| < 1 year | Ref. | -- | -- | Ref. | -- | -- |
| 1 – 3 years | 1.29 | (0.39, 4.24) | 0.67 | 2.43 | (0.88, 8.77) | 0.11 |
| 4 – 6 years | 2.30 | (0.68, 8.45) | 0.19 | 39.22 | (2.13, 1082.04) | 0.02 |
| 7 – 12 years | 2.20 | (0.97, 5.00) | 0.06 | 5.00 | (0.54, 46.69) | 0.15 |
| > 12 years | 3.13 | (1.38, 7.13) | 0.006 | 2.16 | (0.61, 7.61) | 0.23 |
| Ventilator Type | ||||||
| CMV | Ref. | -- | -- | |||
| HFOV | 0.69 | (0.50, 0.94) | 0.02 | 1.17 | (0.67, 2.03) | 0.58 |
| Other | 1.56 | (0.73, 3.36) | 0.25 | 0.84 | (0.13, 3.33) | 0.83 |
| HFOV (support code)1 | ||||||
| No | Ref. | -- | -- | Ref. | -- | -- |
| Yes | 1.09 | (0.79, 1.51) | 0.59 | 0.60 | (0.34, 1.05) | 0.08 |
| Nitric Oxide | ||||||
| No | Ref. | -- | -- | Ref. | -- | -- |
| Yes | 1.05 | (0.82, 1.35) | 0.69 | 1.05 | (0.68, 1.65) | 0.81 |
| CVVH | ||||||
| No | Ref. | -- | -- | Ref. | -- | -- |
| Yes | 2.17 | (0.98, 5.08) | 0.06 | 5.91 | (n/a, 3.84e12) | 0.98 |
| Year of cannulation | ||||||
| 2007 | Ref. | -- | -- | -- | ||
| 2008 | 0.70 | (0.35, 1.41) | 0.32 | 0.63 | (0.21, 1.81) | 0.38 |
| 2009 | 0.94 | (0.51, 1.75) | 0.84 | 1.65 | (0.72, 4.05) | 0.25 |
| 2010 | 1.06 | (0.58, 1.95) | 0.86 | 2.24 | (0.98, 5.58) | 0.07 |
| 2011 | 0.97 | (0.54, 1.77) | 0.92 | 1.79 | (0.75, 4.57) | 0.20 |
| 2012 | 1.37 | (0.78, 2.47) | 0.28 | 0.53 | (0.17, 1.58) | 0.26 |
| 2013 | 1.35 | (0.77, 2.39) | 0.30 | 0.87 | (0.32, 2.41) | 0.79 |
| 2014 | 1.10 | (0.63, 1.95) | 0.73 | 0.39 | (0.10, 1.29) | 0.14 |
| 2015 | 1.25 | (0.73, 2.20) | 0.42 | 0.97 | (0.36, 2.65) | 0.94 |
Abbreviations: VV (veno-venous); VA (veno-arterial); ECMO (Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation); CMV (Continuous Mandatory Ventilation); HFOV (High Frequency Ventilation/oscillation); CVVH (Continuous Veno-Venous Hemofiltration); OR (Odds Ratio); PERC (percutaneous cannulation)
1
Support code for HFOV included to compare use of high frequency ventilation compared to not; ventilator type compares use of HFOV to traditional continuous mandatory ventilation