Table 3.
Comparison of demographics, dry eye symptoms, signs and treatment among Sjogren’s syndrome (SS) autoantibody groups of participants in the DREAM© Study*
| Demographics | Negative for traditional and novel SS antibodies (n=214) | Positive for novel SS antibodies only (n=85) | Positive for traditional SS antibodies only (n=86) | Positive for traditional and novel SS antibodies (n=63) | P-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years); mean (SD) | 58.8 (13.3) | 59.0 (12.7) | 58.6 (12.7) | 59.5 (15.3) | 0.98 |
| Gender: male (%) | 45 (21.0%) | 16 (18.8%) | 17 (19.8%) | 8 (12.7%) | 0.53 |
| Race, n(%) | 0.03 | ||||
| Caucasian | 169 (79.0%) | 67 (78.8%) | 54 (62.8%) | 53 (84.1%) | |
| African-American | 19 (8.9%) | 13 (15.3%) | 13 (15.1%) | 9 (14.3%) | |
| Asian | 7 (3.3%) | 1 (1.2%) | 8 (9.3%) | 0 (0.0%) | |
| American Indian or Alaskan Native | 2 (0.9%) | 0 (0.0%) | 1 (1.2%) | 0 (0.0%) | |
| Mixed | 3 (1.4%) | 2 (2.4%) | 2 (2.3%) | 1 (1.6%) | |
| Unknown | 14 (6.5%) | 2 (2.4%) | 8 (9.3%) | 3 (3.9%) | |
| OSDI score: mean (SD) | 42.1 (15.0) | 42.7 (16.6) | 38.8 (14.6) | 42.6 (15.3) | 0.30 |
| Tear break-up time (seconds): mean (SD) ┼ | 2.8 (1.4) | 2.7 (1.4) | 2.6 (1.4) | 2.3 (0.8) | 0.09 |
| Schirmer test (mm): mean (SD)┼ | 8.5 (6.5) | 8.0 (6.0) | 7.4 (5.7) | 7.6 (6.3) | 0.49 |
| Staining of cornea: mean (SD) ┼ | 4.1 (2.9) | 4.3 (2.8) | 4.9 (3.2) | 5.7 (3.6) | 0.002 |
| Staining of conjunctiva: mean (SD)┼ | 3.0 (1.4) | 3.1 (1.5) | 4.0 (1.5) | 3.7 (1.6) | <0.001 |
| Frequency of using artificial tears or gel use in last week, n(%) | 0.70 | ||||
| 0 | 49 (22.9%) | 18 (21.2%) | 20 (23.3%) | 11 (17.5%) | |
| 1–2 times | 83 (38.8%) | 43 (50.6%) | 34 (39.5%) | 30 (47.6%) | |
| 3–4 times | 47 (22.0%) | 12 (14.1%) | 20 (23.3%) | 14 (22.2%) | |
| 5–10 times | 23 (10.8%) | 10 (11.8%) | 6 (7.0%) | 5 (7.9%) | |
| Greater than 10 times | 12 (5.6%) | 2 (2.4%) | 7 (7.0%) | 3 (4.8%) | |
| Regularly use lubricating ointment, n(%) | 16 (7.5%) | 14 (16.5%) | 12 (14.0%) | 7 (11.1%) | 0.11 |
| Ever used steroid eye drops or ointment, n(%) | 36 (16.8%) | 23 (27.1%) | 23 (26.7%) | 19 (30.2%) | 0.047 |
*
One participant without novel antibody results was excluded.
SD= Standard deviation. SS=Sjogren’s syndrome.
┼
From the worse eye of a specific ocular dry eye measurement.