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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2019 Oct 1.
Published in final edited form as: Hepatology. 2018 Oct;68(4):1229–1231. doi: 10.1002/hep.30078

Figure 1. Mechanism of intestine-specific FXR activation.

Figure 1

Fexaramine (FEX) activates intestinal FXR, causing alterations in the gut microbiota and production of LCA by Acetatifactor and Bacteroides. LCA activates TGR5, which induces GLP-1 production from intestinal L cells and improves insulin sensitivity. TGR5 activation and increased FGF21 production then mediate WAT browning (see online Supplemental Figure S7 from Pathak et al).