Table 1.
Baseline characteristics of Japanese American Community Diabetes Study participants with complete data on all covariates
| Overall n = 622 |
Men n = 344 |
Women n = 278 |
p-value* | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mean age, years (SD) | 53.7 (11.8) | 54.2(11.4) | 53.1 (12.4) | 0.25 |
| Sex, % male (n) | 55(344) | — | — | — |
| Mean body mass index, kg/m2 (SD) | 24.5 (3.3) | 25.5 (3.0) | 23.2 (3.2) | <0.0001 |
| Mean waist circumference, cm (SD) | 83.3 (10.5) | 88.8 (8.2) | 76.5 (9.0) | <0.0001 |
| Mean HDL cholesterol, mg/dL (SD) | 57(17) | 50 (13) | 65 (16) | <0.0001 |
| Mean LDL cholesterol, mg/dL (SD) | 141(37) | 146 (38) | 135 (34) | 0.0002 |
| Median triglyceride level, mg/dL (IQR) | 118 (79-167) | 133 (95-207) | 95 (67-135) | <0.0001 |
| Mean fasting glucose, mg/dL (SD) | 106 (37) | 114 (43) | 97 (25) | <0.0001 |
| Smoking status | <0.0001 | |||
| Current smoker, % (n) | 13 (80) | 15 (50) | 11 (30) | |
| Former smoker, % (n) | 42 (261) | 58 (198) | 23 (63) | |
| Mean grip strength, lbs (SD) | 49.9 (14.0) | 59.1 (10.7) | 37.6(6.5) | <0.0001 |
| Mean mid-thigh circumference, cm (SD) | 49.2 (4.5) | 50.1 (4.2) | 48.1 (4.7) | <0.0001 |
| Mean humeral length, cm (SD) | 29.0 (2.2) | 30.2(1.9) | 27.4(1.6) | <0.0001 |
| Mean leg length, cm (SD) | 81.2 (6.8) | 86.0(4.3) | 75.3 (3.9) | <0.0001 |
| Diabetes at baseline, % yes (n) | 20(122) | 24 (84) | 14 (38) | 0.004 |
| Mean intraabdominal fat area, cm2 (SD) | 90.6 (53.3) | 105.3 (55.3) | 72.4 (44.7) | <0.0001 |
Abbreviations: SD (standard deviation), HDL (high-density lipoprotein), LDL (low-density lipoprotein)
*
p-value for t-test (continuous) or Chi-squared test (categorical) comparing distributions for men and women