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. 2018 Oct 1;5:137. doi: 10.3389/fcvm.2018.00137

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Copyright © 2018 Verkerk, Amin and Remme.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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(A) Schematic drawing of the cardiac action potential (AP) and its underlying membrane currents. I_Na, Na⁺ current; I_Ca,L, L-type Ca²⁺ current; I_to, transient outward K⁺ current; I_Ks, slow component of the delayed rectifier K⁺ current; I_Kr, rapid component of the delayed rectifier K⁺ current; I_K1, inward rectifier K⁺ current. (B) Schematic drawing of AP plateau suppressing ion channels changes (in red). (C) Schematic drawing of AP prolonging ion channels changes (in red).