Table 4.
Correlations between NV cognition and the assessed domains in DS participants and in FXS males.
| Pearson correlations: r (p-value, q-value) [95% CI] | ||
|---|---|---|
| DS group (males and females) | FXS group (males) | |
| NV cognition (Leiter-R GS) | ||
| Social Cognition | ||
| False belief understanding (FBT) | — | 0.61 (<0.001, 0.001) [0.356, 0.78] |
| Receptive Structural Language | ||
| Receptive grammar (TROG) | 0.54 (0.002, 0.008) [0.216, 0.757] | 0.79(<0.001, 0.001) [0.626, 0.887] |
| Receptive vocabulary (PPVT) | 0.66 (<0.001, 0.001) [0.387, 0.827] | 0.75 (<0.001, 0.001) [0.563, 0.864] |
| Expressive Structural Language | ||
| Expressive vocabulary (EVT) | 0.71 (<0.001, 0.001) [0.458, 0.856] | 0.78 (<0.001, 0.001) [0.61, 0.881] |
| Syntax construction (CASL-SC) | 0.55 (0.003, 0.011) [0.223, 0.766] | 0.79 (<0.001, 0.001) [0.620, 0.889] |
| Talkativeness (ELS) | — | — |
| Unintelligibility (ELS) | — | — |
| Dysfluency (ELS) | — | 0.42 (0.013, 0.04) [0.095, 0.664] |
| Lexical diversity (ELS) | — | 0.55 (0.001, 0.004) [0.26, 0.749] |
| Syntactic complexity (ELS) | 0.45 (0.02, —) | 0.62 (<0.001, 0.004) [0.357, 0.792] |
| Pragmatic Skills (CCC-2) | ||
| Less inappropriate initiation | — | — |
| Less stereotyped language | 0.42 (0.04, —) | — |
| Proper use of context | — | — |
| NV communication | — | — |
| Behavioral Problems (CBCL) | ||
| Withdrawn behaviors | — | — |
| Anxious symptoms | — | — |
| Social problems | — | — |
| Thought problems | — | — |
| Attention problems | — | — |
NV, nonverbal; GS, growth score; FBT, False Belief Task; TROG, Test for Reception of Grammar; PPVT, Peabody Picture Vocabulary Test; EVT, Expressive Vocabulary Test; CASL-SC, Syntax Construction Test from the Comprehensive Assessment of Spoken Language; ELS Expressive Language Sample; CCC-2, Children's Communication Checklist; CBCL, Child Behavior Checklist; CI, confidence interval; r, Pearson correlation; p-value, two tailed significance; Q-value; represent p-values after controlling for multiple comparisons according to FDR procedure. Only are reported significant correlations, otherwise this symbol — is included as a sign of p > 0.05. Only are reported significant q-values, otherwise this symbol (—) is included as a sign of not passing the FDR test. Significant results after controlling for multiple comparisons according to FDR procedure are bolded in the table.