Figure 3.

Association of Genetic Predisposition to Increased Albuminuria with Risk of Cardiometabolic Disease in UK Biobank

Two-stage least-squares regression using albuminuria genetic risk score as instrumental variable; age, sex, genotyping array, and first ten genetic PCs as covariates. Results are standardized to 1-SD increase in albuminuria due to the genetic risk score.

(A) Genetic risk score composed of all 46 albuminuria variants.

(B) Genetic risk score composed of 43 albuminuria variants after applying directional MR Steiger filtering to remove variants potentially acting in the incorrect direction.

Bars indicate 95% confidence interval for odds ratio.