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. 2018 Sep 24;7(4-5-6):321–335.

TABLE 1.

THE MAMMALIAN ATF/CREB FAMILY OF TRANSCRIPTION FACTORS

Subgroup Members Spliced Variants Alternative Names
CREB* CREB (42,50) reviews (44,90,111) ATF-47 (56)
CREM (35) (70), reviews (36,44,111)
ATF1 (49) ATF1 (49) TREB36 (140), TCRATF1 (72), ATF-43 (56,57)
CRE-BP1* CRE-BP1 (85) CRE-BP1 (41,85) ATF2 (49), HB16 (62), TREB7 (140), TCR-ATF2 (72)
CRE-BP2 (41) mXBP (78)
CRE-BP3 (41)
ATFa (40) ATFa (40) ATFa2 (14)
ATFaΔ (40) ATFa1 (14)
ATFa3 (14)
ATFa0 (103)
CRE-BPa (101) CRE-BPα (101,144)
CRE-BPaβ (144)
CRE-BPaγ (144)
CRE-BPaδ (144)
ATF3§ ATF3 (49) ATF3 (49) LRF-1§ (52), LRG-21§ (28), CRG-5§ (31), TI-241§ (58)
ATF3ΔZip (16)
JDP-2 (5)
ATF4# ATF4 (49) ATF4 (49) CREB2# (64), TAXREB67# (126), mATF4# (91), C/ATF# (130), mTR67# (18)
ATFx (100) ATFx (100)
ATF6 ATF6 (49) ATF6 (49)
CREB-RP (92) CREB-RP (92) G13 (66)
B-ATF B-ATF (27)
JDP1 (5) JDP1 (5)
*

The Nomenclature Committee of the Human Genome Project refers to CREB as CREB1 and CRE-BP1 as CREB2. CREB1 is mapped to human chromosome 2q32.3-q34 (124), and CREB2 to human chromosome 2q24.l-q32 (26). Therefore, CREB2 has been used to refer to three proteins: CRE-BP1, ATF4, and an alternatively spliced form of CREB (see text).

The terms, ATF-43 and ATF-47, listed in the table refer to polypeptides: ATF-43 for 43 kDa and ATF-47 for 47 kD. ATF-47 is encoded by CREB (56) and ATF-43 encoded by ATF1 (57).

mxBP (a mouse clone) and hxBP (a human clone) (77) were both identified by their ability to bind to the X box of the MHC promoter. hxBP is not homologous to mxBP, but is identical to TREB5, a bZip protein that does not share significant similarity (except in the bZip motif) to any of the proteins listed in Table 1.

§

ATF3 (a human clone) and LRF-1 (a rat clone) are over 95% similar at the amino acid level. LRG-21 (also referred to as CRG-5 or TI-241) is a mouse clone highly homologous to ATF3 or LRF-1.

#

ATF4, CREB2, and TAXREB67 are human clones with the same amino acid sequences. mATF4, C/ATF and mTR67 are mouse clones with virtually identical amino acid sequences, except that mATF4 has extra 31 amino acids at the N′-terminal. The homology between the human and mouse clones is about 85%.

B-ATF (a human clone) shares 60% similarity to ATF3 (also a human clone) in the bZip region. However, it has no significant similarity to ATF3 outside of the bZip region; therefore, we classified it in a different subgroup.

ATF5, not listed in the table, is identical to Fos, a fact not recognized at the time of publication due to sequencing mistakes. Because the cDNA was isolated by screening the expression library withr triplicated ATF/CRE consensus site (49), it indicates that, under some conditions, c-Fos can bind to DNA as a homodimer. This does not contradict the general observation that c-Fos does not bind to DNA as a homodimer; it simply indicates that, at high concentrations of proteins and DNA, a weak interaction can be detected.

ATF7 and ATF8 described in (49) were not sequenced; it is not clear whether they correspond to any other cDNAs.

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