Table 1.
Baseline General Profile of the Four Classes Identified in the GMM in the ELSA Study
| Class 1 | Class 2 | Class 3 | Class 4 | p | Effect Size | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Number of subjects | 81 | 340 | 7,491 | 3,994 | - | - |
| Age, mean (SD) | 74.59 (11.36) | 69.76 (10.19) | 60.72 (9.28) | 69.58 (10.98) | <.001 | 0.44 |
| Male, n (%) | 37 (45.68) | 161 (47.35) | 3543 (47.30) | 1,502 (37.61) | <.001 | 0.09 |
| Mean health score at ELSA baseline (SD) | 57.88 (10.76) | 63.25 (7.68) | 65.20 (8.69) | 43.78 (8.50) | <.001 | 1.17 |
| Formal qualification, n (%) | 48 (59.26) | 177 (52.06) | 5,133 (68.52) | 1,637 (40.99) | <.001 | 0.26 |
| Belonging to the 1st-2nd quintile of household wealth (in Pounds), n (%) | 35 (43.21) | 151 (44.41) | 2,195 (29.30) | 2,999 (57.65) | <.001 | 0.27 |
| Number of chronic conditions | <.001 | 0.31 | ||||
| 0, n (%) | 43 (53.09) | 170 (50.00) | 4,552 (60.77) | 792 (19.83) | ||
| 1, n (%) | 22 (27.16) | 136 (40.00) | 2,343 (31.28) | 1,772 (44.37) | ||
| 2+, n (%) | 16 (19.75) | 34 (10.00) | 596 (7.96) | 1,430 (35.80) |
Note: Cramer’s V was used as effect size measure in the comparisons across categorical variables, while Cohen’s f was used as effect size measure in the comparisons across continuous variables.
ELSA = English Longitudinal Study of Aging; GMM = Growth Mixture Model.