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. 2018 Sep 25;106(9):2518–2530. doi: 10.1002/jbm.a.36447

Figure 1.

Figure 1

IL‐ 1β release and viability of human macrophages. Mean ± SD. *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001. (A) IL‐1β release from cells exposed to Ti alone (100 µM) (n = 12) or with Co (12.5–100 µM) (n = 12/concentration). Cells only primed with E. coli lipopolysaccharides (LPS) are used as negative control (n = 12). Mean of three repeated experiments. (B) IL‐1β release from cells exposed to Ti alone (100 µM) (n = 12) or with Cr (12.5–100 µM) (n = 12/concentration). Negative control (n = 12). Mean of three repeated experiments. (C) Viability (% NRU) of cells exposed to Ti alone (100 µM) (n = 12) or with Co (12.5–100 µM) (n = 5/concentration). NRU = neutral red uptake. (D) Viability (% NRU) of cells exposed to Ti alone (100 µM) (n = 12) or with Cr (12.5–100 µM) (n = 5/concentration).