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. 2018 May 28;22(9):1597–1605. doi: 10.1002/ejp.1242

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© 2018 The Authors European Journal of Pain published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of European Pain Federation ‐ EFIC®

This is an open access article under the terms of the http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ License, which permits use and distribution in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited, the use is non‐commercial and no modifications or adaptations are made.

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Course of the Analgesia Nociception Index (ANI) and heart rate (HR) values before and after caudal block (left) and surgical incision (right). (ANI _i: values averaged over 120 s; ANI _a: values averaged over 240 s).