Table 1.
Basophil antigens potentially useful as biomarkers in Ph+ CML
| Antigen | Application | Role as biomarker in CML |
|---|---|---|
| CD203c (ENPP3) | Flow cytometry | Quantification of basophils and their precursor cells in the BM and PB |
| CD123 (IL‐3RA) | Flow cytometry | Confirms the presence of basophils; also expressed on other leukocytes, including eosinophils, monocytes and myeloid precursor cells |
| Blood histamine | RIA | Quantification of the total basophil compartment in the PB |
| Serum tryptase | FIA | Quantification of immature CML basophils at diagnosis; useful for prognostication as individual serum parameter or in the context of CML scores (EUTOS) |
| Basogranulin (BB1) | IHC | Quantification of basophils in CML on BM section material; may also be expressed in immature eosinophils and neoplastic mast cells |
| 2D7 | IHC | Quantification of basophils in CML on BM section material, may also be expressed in immature eosinophils and neoplastic mast cells |
| BM tryptase | IHC | Confirms the presence of basophils in CML—but is also expressed in normal and neoplastic mast cells |
| BM KIT (CD117) | IHC | May be expressed on immature CML basophils—but is expressed also on mast cells and stem cells |
BM, bone marrow; ENPP3, ectonucleotide pyrophosphatase/phosphodiesterase 3; FIA, fluoro‐immuno‐enzyme assay; IHC, immunohistochemistry; IL‐3RA, interleukin‐3 receptor alpha chain; Ph+ CML, Ph chromosome‐positive chronic myeloid leukaemia; RIA, radioimmuno‐assay.