Table 4.

Multivariate linear regression models of stunting among children 0–5 years of age against its underlying determinants, with state‐fixed effects

	Bivariate model		Partial modela		Full modelb
	Coefficient	[95% CI]	Coefficient	[95% CI]	Coefficient	[95% CI]
Women with BMI <18.5	0.86****	[0.79, 0.94]	0.54****	[0.46, 0.62]	0.30****	[0.21, 0.40]
Initiated breastfeeding early	−0.24****	[−0.29, −0.20]	0.05	[−0.00, 0.10]	0.02	[−0.03, 0.07]
Adequate diet	−0.55****	[−0.64, −0.46]	−0.21****	[−0.31, −0.11]	−0.22****	[−0.32, −0.13]
4* ANC visits, log	−1.30****	[−1.41, −1.20]	−0.36****	[−0.53, −0.18]	−0.17*	[−0.36, 0.02]
IFA during pregnancy	−0.35****	[−0.38, −0.32]	−0.06**	[−0.11, −0.00]	0.02	[−0.03, 0.08]
Full immunization	−0.26****	[−0.30, −0.22]	−0.05**	[−0.09, −0.00]	−0.00	[−0.04, 0.04]
Received vitamin A in last 6 months	−0.24****	[−0.28, −0.19]	−0.02	[−0.07, 0.02]	−0.03	[−0.07, 0.01]
Women with ≥10 years school	−0.44****	[−0.49, −0.40]			−0.14****	[−0.22, −0.07]
Married after age of 18	−0.33****	[−0.38, −0.28]			−0.09***	[−0.14, −0.04]
Water within premises	−0.11****	[−0.14, −0.07]			−0.02	[−0.05, 0.02]
Asset score, Quintile 1	0.00	[0.00, 0.00]			0.00	[0.00, 0.00]
Asset score, Quintile 2	−2.32**	[−4.27, −0.37]			−1.91**	[−3.45, −0.37]
Asset score, Quintile 3	−5.17****	[−7.05, −3.29]			−2.92***	[−4.84, −1.00]
Asset score, Quintile 4	−10.57****	[−12.56, −8.59]			−2.99**	[−5.44, −0.54]
Asset score, Quintile 5	−16.58****	[−18.54, −14.61]			−3.43**	[−6.47, −0.39]
Log open defecation density	0.52****	[0.45, 0.58]			0.11***	[0.03, 0.18]
Scheduled caste population	0.05	[−0.05, 0.15]			−0.04	[−0.12, 0.03]
Household size	7.01****	[6.18, 7.84]			1.90****	[0.88, 2.92]
R 2, total			.70		.74
R 2, between‐state			.56		.56
R 2, within‐state			.32		.41
N			635c		635

Note. All models included state‐fixed effects and are weighted by the number of children 0–5 years in each district. ANC = antenatal care; BMI = body mass index; IFA = iron and folic acid.

^aPartial model included immediate and nutrition‐specific interventions.

^bFull model included all factors such as immediate and underlying determinants as well as nutrition‐specific interventions.

^cData for final model were available for 635 districts; 5 districts were excluded due to lack of data on full immunization.

^* p < .10.

^** p < .05.

^*** p < .01.

^**** p < .001.