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. 2018 Oct 8;8:14975. doi: 10.1038/s41598-018-33207-2

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© The Author(s) 2018

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Teeth complement and Meckelian cartilage from 3D reconstructions of control, Dlx5/6^−/−, NCC^∆Dlx5/6 and NCC^Dlx5 E18.5 mouse foetuses. Lateral (A–D) and frontal (A’–D’) views of teeth (grey) and Mekelian cartilage (blue) from control (A,A’), Dlx5/6^−/− (B,B’), NCC^∆Dlx5/6 (C,C’) and NCC^Dlx5 E18.5 mouse foetuses. The Meckelian cartilage (Mc) is absent in Dlx5/6^−/− and NCC^∆Dlx5/6 foetuses and is well formed in NCC^Dlx5 foetuses where supernumerary Meckel-like cartilage bars are present in the upper jaw (Mc*). In Dlx5^−/− foetuses the incisors (ui, li) are short and straight and are not supported by bony elements. In NCC^∆Dlx5/6 foetuses the incisors are also short, but converge towards the midline while in NCC^Dlx5 foetuses lower incisor are apparently normal while upper incisors are longer than normal and often duplicated with the second incisor (li*) supported by the transformed maxillary bone suggesting, therefore, that it might represent a transformed lower incisor. Abbreviations: li, lower incisor; lm1, lm2, lower molars 1 and 2; li*, transformed upper incisor; Mc, Meckelian cartilage; Mc*, duplicated Meckelian cartilage; ui, upper incisor.