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. 2018 Oct 8;8:14966. doi: 10.1038/s41598-018-33378-y

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© The Author(s) 2018

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Effects of selected secretion inhibitors on conventional protein transport. U2OS cells coexpressing streptavidin-KDEL and ss-SBP-GFP were treated with selected agents at selected concentrations (20 μM for cyclosporin A, fendiline, parbendazole, paroxetine, parthenolide, quinacrine, sertraline, spiperone, thimerosal; 10 μM for astemizole and perhexiline) for 4 h, followed by biotin addition. Cells were fixed after different incubation periods, followed by immunofluorescence staining of GALT1 (A). Cytoplasmic GFP intensity was quantified as a means of protein secretion, GALT1^bright area was quantified to indicate Golgi area and Golgi GFP intensity was used to measure the colocalization of GFP-tagged secretory cargo with the Golgi apparatus. Representative images of controls and astemizole or cyclosporine A treated cells are reported in (B); scale bar equals 10 μm. Quantitative data was normalized to untreated controls and summarized as heat map. Each block represents the mean value of 4 repeated measurements (C).