Table 3.

Mean scores, internal consistency, and reliability of the Japanese version of the Workplace PERMA-Profiler (N = 310)

Factors	Baseline Mean (SD)	Min-Max	Cronbach's alpha	Follow-up Mean (SD)†	Test-retest Reliability (ICC)†	SME†	SDC†
† N = 86. ICC: intra-class correlation coefficient, SME: standard error of measurement, SDC: smallest detectable change. ** p < 0.01
Positive emotion	5.46 (2.3)	0-10	0.92	5.38 (2.4)	0.86**	0.90	2.49
P1	5.32 (2.5)	0-10		5.35 (2.5)	0.79**	1.16	3.22
P2	5.76 (2.4)	0-10		5.49 (2.4)	0.82**	1.04	2.89
P3	5.29 (2.5)	0-10		5.30 (2.6)	0.77**	1.29	3.57
Engagement	5.86 (2.2)	0-10	0.85	5.99 (2.1)	0.83**	0.87	2.42
E1	6.05 (2.4)	0-10		6.20 (2.5)	0.83**	1.00	2.77
E2	5.72 (2.4)	0-10		5.85 (2.3)	0.76**	1.13	3.14
E3	5.81 (2.6)	0-10		5.92 (2.5)	0.65**	1.51	4.17
Relationships	5.59 (2.0)	0-10	0.75	5.60 (2.0)	0.83**	0.82	2.27
R1	6.03 (2.5)	0-10		5.62 (2.5)	0.69**	1.34	3.71
R2	4.87 (2.3)	0-10		5.28 (2.4)	0.70**	1.31	3.64
R3	5.88 (2.4)	0-10		5.90 (2.6)	0.77**	1.21	3.34
Meaning	6.24 (2.1)	0-10	0.88	6.21 (1.9)	0.77**	0.92	2.56
M1	6.85 (2.3)	0-10		6.77 (2.1)	0.63**	1.25	3.47
M2	5.92 (2.4)	0-10		5.91 (2.3)	0.65**	1.36	3.77
M3	5.94 (2.3)	0-10		5.95 (2.2)	0.75**	1.11	3.07
Accomplishment	6.19 (1.9)	0-10	0.84	6.29 (2.0)	0.77**	0.92	2.56
A1	5.60 (2.3)	0-10		5.56 (2.2)	0.68**	1.26	3.49
A2	6.25 (2.2)	0-10		6.49 (2.4)	0.69**	1.29	3.57
A3	6.73 (2.1)	0-10		6.84 (2.3)	0.63**	1.34	3.71
Happiness	6.01 (2.3)	0-10		6.02 (2.6)	0.83**	1.07	2.97
Overall well-being (16 items)	5.88 (1.8)	0-10	0.96	5.90 (1.9)	0.88**	0.65	1.81
Negative emotion (3 items)	4.53 (2.1)	0-10	0.78	4.48 (2.3)	0.79**	1.04	2.88
Health (3 items)	5.77 (2.2)	0-10	0.93	5.57 (2.2)	0.87**	0.80	2.23
Loneliness (1 item)	4.24 (2.9)	0-10		4.34 (2.8)	0.64**	1.71	4.73