Figure 1.

Serum mean concentrations of (A) γ-glutamyl transferase and (B) alanine aminotransferase among women with gestational diabetes and their matched controls at gestational weeks 10–13 and 16–19. ALT, alanine aminotransferase; GGT, γ-glutamyl transferase. P values for case-control comparisons of the log-transformed GGT or ALT levels were obtained by linear mixed-effect linear regression models with a random effect for the matched case-control pairs at gestational weeks 10–13 and 16–19, respectively. P values for between-visit comparisons were obtained by paired t-test within cases and controls, respectively.