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. 2018 Oct 2;9:1293. doi: 10.3389/fphys.2018.01293

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Copyright © 2018 Kagawa, Miki, Kitada, Miki, Yoshimura, Oshitani, Nishida, Sawa, Tsujino and Maekura.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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The relationships of the plasma lactate levels and dyspnea borg scales during exercise. Values are presented as mean (SD) and were analyzed using the Tukey-Kramer honestly significant difference test. Circular symbols show exertional variables at rest, during exercise, and at peak exercise. Square symbols show plasma lactate and dyspnea borg scale break points. Plasma lactate borg scale break points were determined in 15/28 in group A, 43/64 in group B, 55/77 in group C, and 42/46 group D. Dyspnea borg scale break points were determined in 14/28 in group A, 46/64 in group B, 62/77 in group C, and 40/46 group D. A vs. B; ^†p < 0.05, ^††p < 0.01, A vs. D: ^‡p < 0.05, ^‡‡‡‡p < 0.0001; B vs. C: ^§§p < 0.01, B vs. D: ^¶p < 0.05, ^¶¶¶¶p < 0.0001; C vs. D: ^####p < 0.0001.