Effect of rosiglitazone (Rosi) or CMHX008 (CMHX) on bone formation. Mice were treated with vehicle (Veh), 1 mg/kg/day, 3 mg/kg/day or 10 mg/kg/day of rosiglitazone (Rosi) or CMHX008 (CMHX) for 16 weeks. (A) Three-dimensional μCT images of the longitudinal section of the distal femur selected based on median value of bone volume/tissue volume (BV/TV), and the rectangle shows the location of trabecular bone. Representative μCT images of longitudinal section of distal femur and trabecular bone from LFD (B and E), HFD (C and F) and ob/ob (D and G) mice treated with 10 mg/kg/day, respectively. The quantified μCT images of BV/TV, trabecular number, trabecular thickness, and trabecular separation of LFD, HFD and ob/ob mice treated at 10 mg/kg/day (H) and HFD mice treated at 3 mg/kg/day (J). (I) Representative μCT images of longitudinal section of distal femur of HFD mice treated at 1 and 3 mg/kg/day. (K) Representative mineral apposition rate (MAR) of HFD mice treated at 10 mg/kg/day. All data are expressed as the means ± SEM. N = 6 per group in HFD mice and 4–5 per group in LFD and ob/ob mice. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001 versus Veh, ##P < 0.01 versus Rosi.