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. 2018 Oct 2;9:1123. doi: 10.3389/fphar.2018.01123

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Copyright © 2018 Staurengo-Ferrari, Ruiz-Miyazawa, Pinho-Ribeiro, Fattori, Zaninelli, Badaro-Garcia, Borghi, Carvalho, Alves-Filho, Cunha, Cunha, Casagrande and Verri.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Trans-Chalcone inhibits MSU-induced leukocyte recruitment in a dose-dependent manner. Mice were treated Trans-Chalcone (TC, 3, 10, or 30 mg/kg, p.o., 100 μl) or vehicle (Tween 80 20% plus saline) 30 min before MSU (100 μg/10 μl/knee) stimulus in the femur-tibial joint of swiss mice (A) Fifteen hours after MSU, knee joint wash was collected for counting total leukocytes, neutrophils, and mononuclear cells. (B,C) Fifteen hours after MSU, knee joint was collected for histopathological analysis by HE staining. Original magnification image of 400× of groups: saline, vehicle+MSU and TC30+MSU. For panel (B) arrows indicate leukocyte infiltration, (a) synovial tissue, (b) cartilage tissue, and ^∗ joint space. Panel (C) shows the total score of inflammatory infiltrate (synovitis). (D,E) Fifteen hours after MSU, knee joint washes of MSU-stimulated LysM-GFP⁺ mice were collected for the determination of LysM-GFP⁺ neutrophil recruitment by confocal microscopy. Original magnification 200×. Panel (E) shows the percentagem of LysM-eGFP+ fluorescence. Results are expressed as mean ± SEM, data represent a total of 12 mice per group that were obtained in two independent experiment with 6 mice per experiment. (^∗p < 0.05 vs. control group; ^#p < 0.05 vs. vehicle, one-way ANOVA followed by Tukey’s post-test).