Fig. 2.

Paternal LPD modifies maternal preimplantation uterine environment. Impact of paternal LPD on maternal uterine cytokine and chemokine levels (A), TNF (B), IL-1β (C), CSF3 (D), MIP-1α (E), IFN-γ (F), prostaglandin synthesis (G), and immune-response (H) gene transcript levels; NPD uteri normalized to 0. Impact of paternal NPD and LPD on female uterine blood vessel area (I) and vessel perimeter (J). n = 8 females per treatment group, each mated with a separate male. Data are mean ± SEM. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001, ****P < 0.0001.