Figure 3.

Total cost of physician versus delegate retrieval of prescription drug monitoring program patient reports for a 1000 full-time equivalent outpatient health care system. Dark gray bars show the total annual cost of the physician model in the comprehensive usage case (querying before every Schedule II–IV controlled substance prescription), selective usage case (before new Schedule II–IV prescriptions and every six months for continuing medications), and minimal usage case (before new Schedule II or III prescriptions and annually for continuing medications).