Table 1.
Demographic characteristics of the participants.
| Demographic Characteristics N (%) | Postmenopausal | Premenopausal | Total |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age | |||
| 50–55 yrs | 88 | 57 | 145 (37%) |
| 56–60 yrs | 95 | 1 | 96 (24%) |
| 61–65 yrs | 75 | 1 | 76 (19%) |
| >65 yrs | 79 | 0 | 79 (20%) |
| Bosy mass index (BMI) | |||
| <18 | 4 | 1 | 5 (1.2%) |
| 19–25 | 127 | 22 | 149 (37.6%) |
| 26–30 | 165 | 29 | 194 (49%) |
| >30 | 41 | 7 | 48 (12.2%) |
| Place of Residence | |||
| North | 25 | 5 | 30 (8%) |
| South | 122 | 29 | 151 (38%) |
| Beirut | 71 | 7 | 78 (20%) |
| Mount Lebanon | 56 | 12 | 68 (17%) |
| Bekaa | 63 | 7 | 70 (17%) |
| Marital Status | |||
| Single | 23 | 5 | 28 (7%) |
| Married | 257 | 52 | 309 (78%) |
| Divorced | 42 | 3 | 45 (11)% |
| Widowed | 15 | 4 | 19 (4%) |
| Chronic Diseases | |||
| Hypertension | 88 | 11 | 99 (25%) |
| Diabetes | 32 | 3 | 25 (8.8%) |
| Cardiovascular diseases | 25 | 3 | 28 (7%) |
| Education Level | |||
| Primary school | 71 | 8 | 79 (20%) |
| Upper/secondary school | 98 | 6 | 104 (27%) |
| University graduate | 72 | 14 | 86 (21%) |
| Postgraduate studies | 60 | 31 | 91 (23%) |
| Others | 36 | 0 | 36 (9%) |
| Employment Status | |||
| Yes | 75 | 32 | 107 (27%) |
| No | 262 | 27 | 289 (73%) |
| Prior Pregnancies | |||
| Yes | 296 | 53 | 349 (88%) |
| No | 41 | 6 | 47 (12%) |
| Diagnosed with Osteoporosis | |||
| Yes | 136 | 14 | 150 (38%) |
| No | 198 | 45 | 243 (62%) |
| Risk Factors for Osteoporosis | |||
| Caffeine Intake | |||
| Yes | 312 | 55 | 367 (93%) |
| No | 25 | 4 | 29 (7%) |
| Smoking | |||
| Yes | 107 | 23 | 130 (33%) |
| No | 229 | 36 | 265 (67%) |
| Alcohol Intake | |||
| Yes | 8 | 0 | 8 (2%) |
| No | 328 | 59 | 387 (98%) |
| Exercise | |||
| Yes | 122 | 23 | 145 (36%) |
| No | 215 | 36 | 251 (64%) |
| Family History of Hip Fracture | |||
| Yes | 72 | 12 | 17 (4.3%) |
| No | 265 | 47 | 312 (78.7%) |
| Recent weight loss of 5 Kg during prior years | |||
| Yes | 136 | 21 | 157 (39.6%) |
| No | 201 | 38 | 239 (60.4%) |
| Use of Calcium Supplements | |||
| Currently Using | 100 | 6 | 106 (27%) |
| Previously used | 98 | 20 | 118 (30%) |
| Not used | 139 | 33 | 172 (43%) |