Table 4.
Comparison between Women with Osteoporosis versus Without Osteoporosis.
| Health and Lifestyle | Postmenopausal Women Previously Diagnosed with Osteoporosis |
Total | P value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Yes | No | |||
| Marital status | ||||
| Married | 107 | 156 | 263 (79%) | P = 0.642 |
| Single | 11 | 14 | 25 (7.5%) | |
| Divorced | 17 | 22 | 39 (11.7%) | |
| Widowed | 1 | 5 | 6 (1.8%) | |
| Usage of calcium supplement | ||||
| Currently using | 92 | 63 | 155 (78.3%) | P < 0.004 |
| Previously used | 14 | 29 | 43 (21.7%) | |
| Prior weight loss 5 kg or more | ||||
| Yes | 71 | 64 | 135 (40.4%) | P < 0.001 |
| No | 65 | 134 | 199 (59.6%) | |
| Caffeine Intake | ||||
| Yes | 126 | 183 | 309 (92.5%) | P = 0.939 |
| No | 10 | 15 | 25 (7.5%) | |
| Smoking status | ||||
| Yes | 51 | 56 | 107 (32.1%) | P = 0.081 |
| No | 85 | 141 | 226 (67.9%) | |
| Exercise status | ||||
| Yes | 44 | 76 | 120 (35.9%) | P = 0.259 |
| No | 92 | 122 | 214 (64.1%) | |
| Vitamin D Deficiency diagnosed by Lab | ||||
| Yes | 101 | 74 | 175 (70.6%) | P < 0.001 |
| No | 18 | 55 | 73 (29.4%) | |
| Family History of Hip Fracture | ||||
| Mother | 37 | 21 | 58 (17.4%) | P < 0.001 |
| Father | 4 | 10 | 14 (4.2%) | |
| None | 95 | 167 | 262 (78.4%) | |