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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2018 Oct 9.
Published in final edited form as: Crime Justice. 2018 Mar 26;47(1):255–364. doi: 10.1086/696590

Table 6. Meta-Analytic Results for Associations between Child Rearing Factors and Child Conduct Problems.

Heterogeneity
Predictor Behavioral Outcome Number of Studies Studies Included (#) Type of Association Effect Size d 95% CI pa I2 pb
Maternal authoritarian parenting Conduct problems and aggression 2 (10, 32) Bivariate   .38   (.21 to .58) <.001  0% .853
Maternal warmth Conduct problems and aggression 3 (12, 10, 15, 20) Bivariate −.12 (−.32 to .07)   .224 37% .189
Maternal authoritative parenting Conduct problems and aggression 3 (11, 15, 32) Bivariate −.26 (−.62 to .10)   .162 66% .018
Paternal authoritative parenting Aggression 2 (15, 32) Bivariate −.25 (−.51 to .0)   .053  0% .387

Note.—# = study ID number shown in table 2; pa = p-value for d effect size; pb = p-value for a χ2 test for heterogeneity. Random-effects models.